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JPG to TGA

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Information about TGA
File extension
tga
File category
Raster Image
Stands for
Targa Graphic File
Developer
Truevision Inc. (Currently part of Avid technology)
Overview
This extension is particularly used to store Raster images. It was developed for the first graphic cards so that they can provide support to high colour or true colour displays. This group aimed at professional computer image synthesis and also at video editing in personal computers. Every colour which is available is defined with the help of palette. TARGA stands for Truevision Advanced Raster Graphics adapter and TGA is an initial for this adapter. This file format is quite popular in animation as well as video industry. The size of the files is large due to the characterization each pixel of an image by a particular number of bits. Depending upon the situation, data can be compiled using a lossless RLE (Run-length encoding) compression or can be stored in raw form as well. It should be noted that this compression is suitable only for icons, cartoons and line drawings not for photographic images.
Technical description
TGA is capable of storing photos of 8,16,24 and 32 bits of accuracy per pixel. In addition to this, 24 bits of RGB and 8- bit for alpha channel. Furthermore, it only contains an 18-byte header which is followed by image data. A header in it consists of ID length, colour map type, image type, colour map specification and image specification. Image ID can store any kind of information but generally, it either has a date and time the image was created or a serial number. There can be optional sections as well like developer area, extension area and file footer; etc in order to add extra information.
Links
wikipedia.org

Information about JPG
File extension
jpg
File category
Raster Image
Stands for
Joint photographic experts group
Developer
The JPEG group
Overview
Files stored in this format are small in size that is why they can be uploaded and downloaded with ease. It takes less time over the internet to upload and download due to smaller size which results in saving of bandwidth. This extension is compressed using a lossy algorithm that is why there can be a reduction in the quality of the photograph. It has the ability to compress the file to one-tenth of its original size. It is widely used in emails and also when images are to be posted on websites. Digital Cameras and other photographic image capture devices widely use this JPG format. The paintings and photos of realistic scenes that have smooth variations of colour can be best illustrated by this format.
Technical description
A technique used in JPEG format to compress files is lossy compression which is based on DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) as it is the most practical Mathematical operation. The DCT actually converts each frame of the video from the spatial domain to a frequency/transform domain. It discards the information of high frequency that has sharp transitions in intensity as well as in colour hue. Furthermore, this standard defines a codec which tells how an image can be encoded into a stream of bytes and decoded back into an image. The files can be compressed in the ratio of 100:1 but that would result in the poor quality of an image. Therefore, to retain the quality of a photo, a file should be compressed till 20:1 ratio not more than that.
Links
wikipedia.org